Genetic Analysis and Variability Assessment of Bambara Groundnut (Vigna subterranea L.) Lines Based on Vegetative Traits

Authors

  • Atiqullah Khaliqi Herat University, Agronomy Department, Agriculture Faculty, Herat, Afghanistan
  • Ahmad Jawid Pouyesh Herat University, Agronomy Department, Agriculture Faculty, Herat, Afghanistan
  • Mohd Y Rafii Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Institute of Tropical Agriculture, Malaysia
  • Md Mahmudul Hasan Khan Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Gazipur 1701, Bangladesh

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.62810/jnsr.v3i1.183

Keywords:

Variability, Genetic, Analysis, Assessment, Vegetative, Traits, Bambara Groundnut, Lines

Abstract

Genetic diversity is essential to a plant species' ability to survive, adapt, and thrive in a constantly shifting environment. It also forms the basis for crop development's efficient selection process. Therefore, breeding programs that present a high level of genetic variability in germplasm collections benefit significantly from an understanding of the genetic processes responsible for the inheritance of this trait. Therefore, this research aims to estimate the genetic analysis and variability of Bambara groundnut based on vegetative components using multivariate analyses. A randomized complete block design, including three replications, was utilized to evaluate five genotypes of Bambara groundnuts. The seeds were divided into three groups: large, medium, and small seed sizes. Statistical analysis was conducted in SAS version 9.4 to estimate ten vegetative characters' variance components and heritability. Most vegetative variables in the current study showed significant variations between the five genotypes, fifteen combinations of seed size and genotypes, seed size categories, and the interaction between genotype and seed size categories. The estimation of the genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV) and phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV) varied from 0 to 20.36%. Moreover, the high values of GCV (20.36%) and PCV (28.18%) resulted from the wide canopy trait, while moderate GCV and high PCV were registered from the number of petioles, number of leaves, number of branches, and dried biomass. The low GCV and high PCV were recorded for fresh biomass and high plant growth. More research should be conducted to enhance these Bambara genotypes in various environments.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Agajie, M. (2021). A Research Review on Assessment of Genetic Variability in Bambara Ground Nut Accessions Using Agro-Morphological Traits. South Asian Research Journal of Agriculture and Fisheries, 3(4), 61-64. DOI:10.36346/sarjaf.2021.v03i04.003

Alhamdi, M. F. F., Setiawan, A., Ilyas, S., & Ho, W. K. (2020). Genetic variability of Indonesian landraces of Vigna subterranea: Morphological characteristics and molecular analysis using SSR markers. Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity, 21(9). DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d210902. DOI: https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d210902

Alhamdi, M. F. F., Ilyas, S., Qadir, A., & Mayes, S. (2024). Morphological variability and cluster analysis of 16 Bambara groundnut (Vigna subterranea) genotypes. Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity, 25(1). DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d250111 DOI: https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d250111

Aranguren, M., Castellón, A., & Aizpurua, A. (2020). Wheat yield estimation with NDVI values using a proximal sensing tool. Remote Sensing, 12(17), 2749. DOI: 10.3390/rs12172749. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/rs12172749

Bonny, B. S., Adjoumani, K., Seka, D., Koffi, K. G., Kouonon, L. C., Koffi, K. K., & Bi, I. A. Z. (2019). Agromorphological divergence among four agro-ecological populations of Bambara groundnut (Vigna subterranea (L.) Verdc.) in Côte d'Ivoire. Annals of Agricultural Sciences, 64(1), 103-111. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aoas.2019.04.001 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aoas.2019.04.001

Edalat, M., Naderi, R., & Egan, T. P. (2019). Corn nitrogen management using NDVI and SPAD sensor-based data under conventional vs. reduced tillage systems. Journal of Plant Nutrition, 42(18), 2310-2322. DOI: 10.1080/01904167.2019.1648686. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/01904167.2019.1648686

Feldman, A., Ho, W. K., Massawe, F., & Mayes, S. (2019). Bambara groundnut is a climate-resilient crop: how could a drought-tolerant and nutritious legume improve community resilience in the face of climate change. Sustainable solutions for food security: Combating climate change by adaptation, 151-167. DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-77878-5_8. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-77878-5_8

Gbaguidi, A. A., Dansi, A., Dossou-Aminon, I., Gbemavo, D. S. J. C., Orobiyi, A., Sanoussi, F., & Yedomonhan, H. (2018). Agromorphological diversity of local Bambara groundnut (Vigna subterranea (L.) Verdc.) collected in Benin. Genetic resources and crop evolution, 65, 1159-1171. DOI: 10.1007/s10722-017-0603-4. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10722-017-0603-4

Gomez, A. A. & Wiley, J. (1984). Statistical procedures for agricultural research. Second Edition. Wiley-Interscience Publication, New York , pp.84-130.

Gonne, S., Felix-Alain, W. & Benoit, K. B. (2013). Assessment of twenty Bambara groundnut (Vigna subterranea L.) Landraces using Quantitative Morphological Traits. International Journal of Plant Research, 3(3): 39–45. https://doi.org/10.5923/j.plant.20130303.04

International Board for Plant Genetic Resources, & International Institute of Tropical Agriculture. (2000). Descriptors for Bambara Groundnut: Vigna Subterranea. Bioversity International.

Jiang, R., Sanchez-Azofeifa, A., Laakso, K., Wang, P., Xu, Y., Zhou, Z., ... & Chen, X. (2021). UAV-based partially sampling system for rapid NDVI mapping in the evaluation of rice nitrogen use efficiency. Journal of cleaner production, 289, 125705.

DOI: 10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.125705. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.125705

Jonah, P., Aliyu, B., Kadams, A., & Wamannda, D. (2012). Variation in pod yield characters and heritability estimates in some cultivars of Bambara groundnut (Vigna Subterranea (L.) Verdc. Academ J Plant Sci, 5, 50-5.

https://doi.org/10.5829/idosi.ajps.2012.5.2.61100

Kakeeto, R., Baguma, S. D., Subire, R., Kaheru, J., Karungi, E., & Biruma, M. (2019). Genetic variation and heritability of kernel physical quality traits and their association with selected agronomic traits in groundnut (Arachis hypogeae) genotypes from Uganda. African Journal of Agriculture Research, 14(10), 597-603.

https://doi.org/10.5897/AJAR2018.13789 DOI: https://doi.org/10.5897/AJAR2018.13789

Khaliqi, A., Rafii, M. Y., Mazlan, N., Jusoh, M., & Oladosu, Y. (2021). Genetic analysis and selection criteria in bambara groundnut accessions based yield performance. Agronomy, 11(8), 1634. https://doi.org/10.3390/xxxxx DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy11081634

Khaliqi, A., Rafii, M. Y., Mazlan, N., Jusoh, M., & Oladosu, Y. (2021). Genetic inheritance and yield performance of Bambara groundnut genotypes based on seed weight. Afghanistan Research Journal-Natural Science, 2(1). DOI: 10.61186/2021.arj.2.1.12 DOI: https://doi.org/10.70648/naturalscience.v2i1.13

Khan, M. M. H., Rafii, M. Y., Ramlee, S. I., Jusoh, M., Oladosu, Y., Al Mamun, M., & Khaliqi, A. (2022). Unveiling genetic diversity, characterization, and selection of Bambara groundnut (Vigna subterranea L. Verdc) genotypes reflecting yield and yield components in tropical Malaysia. BioMed Research International, 2022(1), 6794475. https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/6794475 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/6794475

Khan, M. M. H., Rafii, M. Y., Ramlee, S. I., Jusoh, M., & Mamun, A. (2020). Genetic Variability, Heritability, and Clustering Pattern Exploration of Bambara Groundnut (Vigna subterranea L. Verdc) Accessions for the Perfection of Yield and Yield‐Related Traits. BioMed research international, 2020(1), 2195797.

https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/2195797 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/2195797

Langat, C., Ombori, O., Leley, P., Karanja, D., Cheruiyot, R., Gathaara, M., & Masila, B. (2019). Genetic variability of agronomic traits as potential indicators of drought tolerance in common beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). International Journal of Agronomy, 2019(1), 2360848. https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/2360848 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/2360848

Majola, N. G., Gerrano, A. S., & Shimelis, H. (2021). Bambara groundnut (Vigna subterranea [L.] Verdc.) production, utilisation and genetic improvement in Sub-Saharan Africa. Agronomy, 11(7), 1345. DOI: 10.3390/agronomy11071345. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy11071345

Mateva, K. I., Tan, X. L., Halimi, R. A., Chai, H. H., Makonya, G. M., Gao, X., & Massawe, F. (2023). Bambara groundnut (Vigna subterranea (L.) Verdc.). In Neglected and underutilized crops (pp. 557-615). Academic Press. DOI: 10.1016/B978-0-323-90537-4.00021-1. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-323-90537-4.00021-1

Mayes, S., Ho, W. K., Chai, H. H., Gao, X., Kundy, A. C., Mateva, K. I., & Azam-Ali, S. N. (2019). Bambara groundnut: an exemplar underutilised legume for resilience under climate change. Planta, 250, 803-820. DOI: 10.1007/s00425-019-03191-6. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00425-019-03191-6

Namo, O. A. T., & Damfami, A. (2020). Estimating heritability and genetic advance in Bambara groundnut. 42, 112–121. https://doi.org/10.9734/JEAI/2020/v42i830577 DOI: https://doi.org/10.9734/jeai/2020/v42i830577

Onwubiko, N. C., Uguru, M. I., & Chimdi, G. O. (2019). Estimates of genetic parameters in Bambara groundnut [Vigna subterranea (L.) Verdc.]. Plant Breeding and Biotechnology, 7(4), 295-301. https://doi.org/10.9787/PBB.2019.7.4.295 DOI: https://doi.org/10.9787/PBB.2019.7.4.295

Olanrewaju, O. S., Oyatomi, O., Babalola, O. O., & Abberton, M. (2021). Genetic diversity and environmental influence on growth and yield parameters of Bambara groundnut. Frontiers in Plant Science, 12, 796352. DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.796352. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2021.796352

Rahmah, N. I., Ilyas, S., & Setiawan, A. (2020). Evaluation of bambara groundnut (Vigna subterranea L. Verdc.) genotypes for drought tolerance at germination stage. SABRAO Journal of Breeding and Genetics 52 (1): 45-63.

Saptadi, D., Ardiarini, N. R., Waluyo, B., & Kuswanto, K. (2016). Agronomic characteristic and variability of bambara groundnut [Vigna subterranea (L.) Verdc. (Fabaceae)] promising lines from Indonesia. Transactions of Persatuan Genetik Malaysia; Persatuan Genetik Malaysia: Kuala Pilah, Malaysia, 3, 56-60. https://www.pgm-my.org/book/2016-transactions-of-pgm-number-3

Scarano, D., Rubio, F., Ruiz, J. J., Rao, R., & Corrado, G. (2014). Morphological and genetic diversity among and within common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) landraces from the Campania region (Southern Italy). Scientia Horticulturae, 180, 72-78. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scienta.2014.10.013 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scienta.2014.10.013

Shegro, A., Rensburg, W. V., & Adebola, P. O. (2013). Assessment of genetic variability in bambara groundnut (Vigna subterrenea L. Verdc.) using morphological quantitative traits. Academia Journal of Agricultural Research, 1(3): 045-051.

Unigwe, A. E., Gerrano, A. S., Adebola, P., Pillay, M., & Monrovia, L. (2016). Morphological variation in selected accessions of Bambara groundnut (Vigna subterranea L. Verdc) in South Africa. Journal of Agricultural Science, 8(11), 69-80. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5539/jas.v8n11p69

Valombola, J. S., Akundabweni, L. M., Awala, S. K., & Hove, K. (2019). Agronomic and morphological diversity of Bambara groundnut (Vigna subterranea (L.) Verdc.) accessions in North-Central Namibia. Welwitschia International Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 1, 88-99. DOI: https://doi.org/10.32642/wijas.v1i0.1369

Downloads

Published

2025-03-31

How to Cite

Khaliqi, A., Pouyesh, A. J., Rafii, M. Y., & Hasan Khan, M. M. (2025). Genetic Analysis and Variability Assessment of Bambara Groundnut (Vigna subterranea L.) Lines Based on Vegetative Traits. Journal of Natural Science Review, 3(1), 141–156. https://doi.org/10.62810/jnsr.v3i1.183

Issue

Section

Articles