Assessment of Public Satisfaction and Determinants of Urban Park Use in Kabul City: A Survey-Based Study

Naqibullah Momand; Masood Sayeed

doi:10.62810/jnsr.v4i2.483

Authors

Naqibullah Momand Kabul University, Horticulture Department, Agriculture Faculty, Kabul, Afghanistan
Masood Sayeed Kabul University, Horticulture Department, Agriculture Faculty, Kabul, Afghanistan

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.62810/jnsr.v4i2.483

Keywords:

Affecting factors, Kabul city, Questionnaires, Satisfaction, Urban park

Abstract

Urban and ornamental parks are essential for meeting the recreational, social, and psychological needs of city residents. Ensuring high public satisfaction with these spaces is critical for sustainable urban planning. Despite their importance, there is limited information regarding public satisfaction, current conditions, and key factors affecting parks in Kabul, Afghanistan. This study aimed to assess public satisfaction with Kabul’s parks, evaluate their current status, and identify factors influencing user satisfaction. The research was conducted in 2025 across 28 parks, involving 203 respondents through structured interviews and questionnaires. Data were collected using Kobo Toolbox and analyzed in SPSS, employing descriptive statistics, correlation, and regression analyses. Results indicated that the majority of respondents were male, aged 15–35 years, and held a bachelor’s degree. Approximately 49.8% reported moderate satisfaction, while around 40% expressed high satisfaction. Key determinants of satisfaction included park facilities, cleanliness, recreational and cultural activities, safety, management, and toilet hygiene. Correlation analyses revealed significant positive relationships between these factors and overall satisfaction, while regression analysis showed that they collectively explained 70.5% of the variance in user satisfaction (R² = 0.705, p < 0.001). Furthermore, the results revealed that Bagh-e Babur and Chehelsaton Garden were identified as the most preferred and highly rated parks in Kabul City. These findings underscore the importance of prioritizing comprehensive improvements in facilities, maintenance, safety, management, and amenities to enhance visitor satisfaction. Future research should examine how parks and urban green spaces support local economies and evaluate the urban value of ornamental parks.

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